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Carboxyethylated lignosulfonate
Carboxyethylated lignosulfonate is an anionic lignosulfonate with carboxylate group of 1.0-2.6 mmol/g, sulfonate group of 1.6 mmol/g and molecular weight of 3200 ~ 4200 g/mol . It is soluble in water and some solvents, such as isopropanol, methanol, and dimethyl sulfoxide. Its charge density is in the ranges of -2.7~ -3.5 meq/g.
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Carboxymethylated kraft lignin
Carboxymethylated kraft lignin is an anionic kraft lignin that has carboxymethylated group attached to its phenolic ring. It has a the charge density of -1.2 ~ -1.8 meq/g and a molecular weight of 3000-4000 g/mol. It is a pH sensitive macromolecule, and is soluble in water, ethanol and acetone.
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Carboxypentylated lignosulfonate
Carboxypentylated lignosulfonate is an anionic macromolecule that has a carboxypentylated group attached to its phenolic group. It is a water soluble material. Its charge density and molecular weight are in the ranges of -2.1~ -3.1 meq/g and 4000 ~ 5000 g/mol, respectively.
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Carboxypropylated lignosulfonate
Carboxypropylated lignosulfonate is an anionic macromolecule that has a carboxypropylated group attached to its phenolic group. It is a water soluble material. Its charge density and molecular weight are in the ranges of -3.0~ -3.4 meq/g and 3500 ~ 4500 g/mol, respectively.
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Dodecyl glycidyl ether modified kraft lignin
Dodecyl glycidyl ether modified kraft lignin is hydrophobic and water insoluble lignin with a molecular weight of 5.5 ⨯106 to 4.1 ⨯107 g/mol*. The grafting groups is primarily attached to the phenolic group of lignin.
*Measured by static light scattering technology
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Oxidized sulfometylated kraft lignin
Oxidized sulfometylated kraft lignin is an anionic lignin-based low molecular weight material. Its charge density and molecular weight are in the ranges of -3.5 ~ -4.6 meq/g and 3000-4000 g/mol, respectively. It has a carboxylate group content of 2.5 mmol/g and sulfonate group of 2.0 mmol/g.